Xarm-DataCollection/scripts/reset_gello_xarm7.py
2026-08-10 14:06:25 +08:00

340 lines
12 KiB
Python

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Calibrate and reset a GELLO leader to the xArm7 SDK initial pose."""
from __future__ import annotations
import argparse
import time
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Sequence
import numpy as np
import yaml
from dynamixel_sdk import COMM_SUCCESS, GroupSyncWrite, PacketHandler, PortHandler
DEFAULT_PORT = (
"/dev/serial/by-id/"
"usb-FTDI_USB__-__Serial_Converter_FTB9HYVD-if00-port0"
)
DEFAULT_CALIBRATION = Path("config/gello/xarm7_gello_reset_calibration.yaml")
ROBOT_INITIAL_JOINTS_DEG = [0.0, -30.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 30.0, 0.0]
JOINT_IDS = list(range(1, 8))
GRIPPER_ID = 8
BAUDRATE = 57600
ADDR_OPERATING_MODE = 11
ADDR_TORQUE_ENABLE = 64
ADDR_HARDWARE_ERROR = 70
ADDR_GOAL_POSITION = 116
ADDR_PRESENT_CURRENT = 126
ADDR_PRESENT_POSITION = 132
POSITION_CONTROL_MODE = 3
class GelloBus:
def __init__(self, port: str, ids: Sequence[int]) -> None:
self.ids = list(ids)
self.port = PortHandler(port)
self.packet = PacketHandler(2.0)
self.writer = GroupSyncWrite(
self.port, self.packet, ADDR_GOAL_POSITION, 4
)
if not self.port.openPort():
raise RuntimeError(f"Failed to open GELLO port: {port}")
if not self.port.setBaudRate(BAUDRATE):
self.port.closePort()
raise RuntimeError(f"Failed to set GELLO baud rate to {BAUDRATE}")
def close(self) -> None:
self.writer.clearParam()
self.port.closePort()
def _check(self, operation: str, dxl_id: int, comm: int, error: int) -> None:
if comm != COMM_SUCCESS:
detail = self.packet.getTxRxResult(comm)
raise RuntimeError(
f"{operation} failed for Dynamixel {dxl_id}: {detail} ({comm})"
)
if error != 0:
detail = self.packet.getRxPacketError(error)
raise RuntimeError(
f"{operation} failed for Dynamixel {dxl_id}: {detail} ({error})"
)
def read_u8(self, dxl_id: int, address: int) -> int:
value, comm, error = self.packet.read1ByteTxRx(
self.port, dxl_id, address
)
self._check("read", dxl_id, comm, error)
return value
def read_i16(self, dxl_id: int, address: int) -> int:
value, comm, error = self.packet.read2ByteTxRx(
self.port, dxl_id, address
)
self._check("read", dxl_id, comm, error)
return value - 0x10000 if value >= 0x8000 else value
def read_i32(self, dxl_id: int, address: int) -> int:
value, comm, error = self.packet.read4ByteTxRx(
self.port, dxl_id, address
)
self._check("read", dxl_id, comm, error)
return value - 0x100000000 if value >= 0x80000000 else value
def positions(self) -> np.ndarray:
return np.asarray(
[self.read_i32(dxl_id, ADDR_PRESENT_POSITION) for dxl_id in self.ids],
dtype=float,
)
def set_torque(self, enabled: bool) -> None:
value = 1 if enabled else 0
for dxl_id in self.ids:
comm, error = self.packet.write1ByteTxRx(
self.port, dxl_id, ADDR_TORQUE_ENABLE, value
)
self._check("set torque", dxl_id, comm, error)
def verify_position_mode(self) -> None:
for dxl_id in self.ids:
mode = self.read_u8(dxl_id, ADDR_OPERATING_MODE)
if mode != POSITION_CONTROL_MODE:
raise RuntimeError(
f"Dynamixel {dxl_id} is in mode {mode}, expected position mode 3"
)
def write_positions(self, raw_positions: Sequence[int]) -> None:
self.writer.clearParam()
try:
for dxl_id, raw_position in zip(self.ids, raw_positions, strict=True):
encoded = int(raw_position) & 0xFFFFFFFF
data = list(encoded.to_bytes(4, byteorder="little", signed=False))
if not self.writer.addParam(dxl_id, data):
raise RuntimeError(
f"Failed to add goal position for Dynamixel {dxl_id}"
)
comm = self.writer.txPacket()
if comm != COMM_SUCCESS:
detail = self.packet.getTxRxResult(comm)
raise RuntimeError(
f"SyncWrite failed: {detail} ({comm})"
)
finally:
self.writer.clearParam()
def counts_to_degrees(values: Sequence[float]) -> np.ndarray:
return np.asarray(values, dtype=float) / 4096.0 * 360.0
def save_calibration(path: Path, ids: Sequence[int], targets: Sequence[int]) -> None:
data = {
"schema_version": 1,
"description": "GELLO pose matching the xArm7 SDK initial point",
"robot_initial_joints_deg": ROBOT_INITIAL_JOINTS_DEG,
"dynamixel_ids": list(ids),
"target_raw_counts": [int(value) for value in targets],
"target_encoder_deg": [
round(float(value), 6) for value in counts_to_degrees(targets)
],
}
path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
path.write_text(yaml.safe_dump(data, sort_keys=False), encoding="utf-8")
def load_calibration(path: Path, expected_ids: Sequence[int]) -> np.ndarray:
if not path.is_file():
raise FileNotFoundError(
f"Calibration file not found: {path}. Run this script with --calibrate first."
)
data = yaml.safe_load(path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
ids = data.get("dynamixel_ids")
targets = data.get("target_raw_counts")
if ids != list(expected_ids):
raise ValueError(f"Calibration IDs {ids} do not match expected IDs {expected_ids}")
if not isinstance(targets, list) or len(targets) != len(expected_ids):
raise ValueError("Calibration target_raw_counts has an invalid length")
return np.asarray(targets, dtype=float)
def calibrate(args: argparse.Namespace) -> None:
ids = JOINT_IDS + ([GRIPPER_ID] if not args.no_gripper else [])
bus = GelloBus(args.port, ids)
try:
bus.set_torque(False)
print("GELLO torque is disabled.")
if not args.yes:
print(
"Manually place GELLO in the physical pose matching xArm7 "
f"{ROBOT_INITIAL_JOINTS_DEG} degrees."
)
print("Keep the gripper open, then press Enter to capture this pose.")
input()
targets = np.rint(bus.positions()).astype(int)
save_calibration(args.calibration, ids, targets)
print(f"Saved calibration: {args.calibration}")
print("Target encoder degrees:", counts_to_degrees(targets).round(2).tolist())
finally:
try:
bus.set_torque(False)
finally:
bus.close()
def reset(args: argparse.Namespace) -> None:
ids = JOINT_IDS + ([GRIPPER_ID] if not args.no_gripper else [])
targets = load_calibration(args.calibration, ids)
bus = GelloBus(args.port, ids)
torque_enabled = False
completed = False
try:
bus.set_torque(False)
bus.verify_position_mode()
current = bus.positions()
move_deg = counts_to_degrees(targets - current)
max_move_deg = float(np.max(np.abs(move_deg)))
print("Current encoder degrees:", counts_to_degrees(current).round(2).tolist())
print("Target encoder degrees: ", counts_to_degrees(targets).round(2).tolist())
print("Required move degrees: ", move_deg.round(2).tolist())
print(f"Maximum move: {max_move_deg:.2f} degrees")
if max_move_deg > args.max_move_deg:
raise RuntimeError(
f"Refusing reset: {max_move_deg:.2f} degree move exceeds "
f"--max-move-deg={args.max_move_deg:.2f}"
)
if not args.yes:
answer = input("Type 'yes' to enable GELLO torque and reset: ").strip()
if answer.lower() != "yes":
print("Reset cancelled.")
return
bus.write_positions(np.rint(current).astype(int))
for remaining in (3, 2, 1):
print(f"Enabling torque in {remaining}...")
time.sleep(1.0)
bus.set_torque(True)
torque_enabled = True
duration = max(0.5, max_move_deg / args.speed_deg_s)
steps = max(1, int(duration * args.control_hz))
started = time.monotonic()
for step in range(1, steps + 1):
u = step / steps
smooth = u * u * (3.0 - 2.0 * u)
command = np.rint(current + (targets - current) * smooth).astype(int)
bus.write_positions(command)
if step % max(1, int(args.control_hz / 5)) == 0:
currents = [
bus.read_i16(dxl_id, ADDR_PRESENT_CURRENT) for dxl_id in ids
]
errors = [
bus.read_u8(dxl_id, ADDR_HARDWARE_ERROR) for dxl_id in ids
]
if any(errors):
raise RuntimeError(f"Dynamixel hardware errors: {errors}")
if max(abs(value) for value in currents) > args.max_current_raw:
raise RuntimeError(
f"Current safety threshold exceeded: {currents}"
)
delay = started + step / args.control_hz - time.monotonic()
if delay > 0:
time.sleep(delay)
deadline = time.monotonic() + args.settle_timeout_s
final = bus.positions()
while time.monotonic() < deadline:
error_deg = counts_to_degrees(final - targets)
if float(np.max(np.abs(error_deg))) <= args.tolerance_deg:
break
bus.write_positions(np.rint(targets).astype(int))
time.sleep(1.0 / args.control_hz)
final = bus.positions()
else:
error_deg = counts_to_degrees(final - targets)
raise RuntimeError(
"GELLO did not reach the calibrated pose; final errors: "
f"{error_deg.round(2).tolist()} degrees"
)
print("Final encoder degrees:", counts_to_degrees(final).round(2).tolist())
print("GELLO reset completed.")
completed = True
finally:
if torque_enabled and (not completed or args.release_after_reset):
try:
bus.set_torque(False)
print("GELLO torque disabled.")
except Exception as exc:
print(f"WARNING: failed to disable GELLO torque: {exc}")
bus.close()
if completed and not args.release_after_reset:
print("GELLO torque remains enabled and is holding the calibrated pose.")
def release(args: argparse.Namespace) -> None:
ids = JOINT_IDS + ([GRIPPER_ID] if not args.no_gripper else [])
bus = GelloBus(args.port, ids)
try:
bus.set_torque(False)
print("GELLO torque disabled.")
finally:
bus.close()
def parse_args() -> argparse.Namespace:
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description=(
"Calibrate or reset GELLO to the physical pose matching the xArm7 "
"SDK initial joints [0, -30, 0, 0, 0, 30, 0] degrees."
)
)
parser.add_argument("--port", default=DEFAULT_PORT)
parser.add_argument("--calibration", type=Path, default=DEFAULT_CALIBRATION)
mode = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
mode.add_argument("--calibrate", action="store_true")
mode.add_argument(
"--release",
action="store_true",
help="Disable GELLO torque without moving it",
)
parser.add_argument("--no-gripper", action="store_true")
parser.add_argument("--yes", action="store_true", help="Skip interactive confirmation")
parser.add_argument("--speed-deg-s", type=float, default=20.0)
parser.add_argument("--control-hz", type=float, default=50.0)
parser.add_argument("--max-move-deg", type=float, default=90.0)
parser.add_argument("--max-current-raw", type=int, default=300)
parser.add_argument("--tolerance-deg", type=float, default=3.0)
parser.add_argument("--settle-timeout-s", type=float, default=5.0)
parser.add_argument(
"--release-after-reset",
action="store_true",
help="Disable torque after a successful reset instead of holding the pose",
)
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.speed_deg_s <= 0 or args.control_hz <= 0:
parser.error("--speed-deg-s and --control-hz must be positive")
if args.max_move_deg <= 0 or args.tolerance_deg <= 0:
parser.error("--max-move-deg and --tolerance-deg must be positive")
return args
def main() -> None:
args = parse_args()
if args.calibrate:
calibrate(args)
elif args.release:
release(args)
else:
reset(args)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()